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Table 2 Inclusion and exclusion criteria in this study

From: Combining tibial tubercle osteotomy with medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction often yields better outcomes in treating patellofemoral instability: a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Participants diagnosed with PFI and preoperative TT-TG ≥ 15 mm

Studies lacking full text or not available in English

Subjects receiving iMPFLR and MPFLR + TTO assessed for prognosis

Non-human research materials

Average follow-up time of each study is ≥ 1 year

Research materials in the form of autobiographies, interviews, clinical protocols, case reports, case series, reviews or systematic reviews, technical papers, conference abstracts, reports on congenital abnormalities, author review responses and letters, and expert opinions

Studies ranked as level I ~ IV evidence by the Oxford Centre for Evidence-based Medicine

The research scheme is reasonable, the required data are complete, and outcome effect is clear

  1. Note PFI includes PD and patella alta; MPFLR + TTO includes medialization, anteromedialization and distalization
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Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research

ISSN: 1749-799X