Table 1 Characteristics of the study participants
Variable | Total 32,484 (100%) | Non-OA 30,620 (94.26%) | OA 1,864 (5.74%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | ||||
16–59 | 22,846 (70.33%) | 22,029 (71.94%) | 817 (43.83%) | < 0.001 |
60 + | 9,638 (29.67%) | 8,591 (28.06%) | 1,047 (56.17%) | |
Gender | ||||
Male | 17,094 (52.62%) | 16,205 (52.92%) | 889 (47.69%) | < 0.001 |
Female | 15,390 (47.38%) | 14,415 (47.08%) | 975 (52.31%) | |
Race | ||||
MexiCAn AmeriCAn | 5,421 (16.69%) | 5,160 (16.85%) | 261 (14.00%) | < 0.001 |
Non-Hispanic White | 15,655 (48.19%) | 14,820 (48.40%) | 835 (44.80%) | |
Non-Hispanic Black | 6,402 (19.71%) | 5,854 (19.12%) | 548 (29.40%) | |
Other Race | 5,006 (15.41%) | 4,786 (15.63%) | 220 (11.80%) | |
Marital status | ||||
Married/Living with partner | 12,486 (38.44%) | 11,658 (38.07%) | 828 (44.42%) | 0.2 |
Widowed/Divorced/Separated/Never married | 19,998 (61.56%) | 18,962 (61.93%) | 1,036 (55.58%) | |
Education level | ||||
< High school | 2,855 (8.789%) | 2,602 (8.498%) | 253 (13.57%) | < 0.001 |
Completed high school | 4,559 (14.03%) | 4,196 (13.70%) | 363 (19.47%) | |
> High school | 25,070 (77.18%) | 23,822 (77.80%) | 1,248 (66.95%) | |
PIR | ||||
Low income | 9,055 (27.88%) | 8,354 (27.28%) | 701 (37.61%) | < 0.001 |
Middle income | 12,397 (38.16%) | 11,669 (38.11%) | 728 (39.06%) | |
High income | 11,032 (33.96%) | 10,597 (34.61%) | 435 (23.34%) | |
BMI | ||||
Normal | 9,734 (29.97%) | 9,310 (30.40%) | 424 (22.75%) | < 0.001 |
Heavy | 11,051 (34.02%) | 10,477 (34.22%) | 574 (30.79%) | |
Overweight | 11,699 (36.01%) | 10,833 (35.38%) | 866 (46.46%) | |
Diabetes | ||||
No | 28,862 (88.85%) | 27,430 (89.58%) | 1,432 (76.82%) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 3,622 (11.15%) | 3,190 (10.42%) | 432 (23.18%) | |
Hypertension | ||||
No | 18,506 (56.97%) | 17,890 (58.43%) | 616 (33.05%) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 13,978 (43.03%) | 12,730 (41.57%) | 1,248 (66.95%) | |
Smoke status | ||||
Never | 16,025 (49.33%) | 15,342 (50.10%) | 683 (36.64%) | < 0.001 |
Former | 8,847 (27.23%) | 8,182 (26.72%) | 665 (35.68%) | |
Now | 7,612 (23.43%) | 7,096 (23.17%) | 516 (27.68%) | |
Drinking status | ||||
No | 5,394 (16.61%) | 4,936 (16.12%) | 458 (24.57%) | < 0.001 |
Yes | 27,090 (83.39%) | 25,684 (83.88%) | 1,406 (75.43%) | |
Dietary fiber (Continuous) | 22 (15, 31) | 22 (16, 31) | 19 (14, 27) | < 0.001 |
Dietary fiber (Categorical) | ||||
Q1 | 8,935 (27.51%) | 8,279 (27.04%) | 656 (35.19%) | < 0.001 |
Q2 | 8,258 (25.42%) | 7,749 (25.31%) | 509 (27.31%) | |
Q3 | 7,672 (23.62%) | 7,274 (23.76%) | 398 (21.35%) | |
Q4 | 7,619 (23.45%) | 7,318 (23.90%) | 301 (16.15%) | |