Fig. 1

A 74-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of left knee pain. Preoperative assessments, including the anterior drawer test and the Lachman test, were negative. (a, b, c) Preoperative X-ray imaging revealed medial compartment osteoarthritis of the left knee without posterior tibial plateau erosion. (d) Preoperative MRI revealed poor integrity of the ACL, indicating that it was wavy and lax. (e) Intraoperative exploration revealed a partial ACL tear. (f) Examination with a tendon retractor further confirmed that the ACL was lax and wavy. These findings indicated that the ACL was nonfunctional and that the patients were categorised into the complete ACLD group. (g, h) Postoperative anteroposterior and lateral X-rays of the left knee joint