Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of study participants

Age (y ± SD)

43.0 ± 8.1

46.14 ± 10.0

0.261^a

Sex (n %)

   Male

12 (%57)

13 (%62)

1.0^b

   Female

9 (%43)

8 (%38)

BMI (Mean ± SD)

27.81 ± 4.2

28.33 ± 5.4

0.850^c

Education (n %)

0.213^b

   Primary school (8 y)

6 (%29)

10 (%48)

   High school (12 y)

7 (%33)

8 (%38)

   College (≥ 14 y)

8 (%38)

3 (%14)

Employment (n %)

0.843^d

   Employed

11 (%52)

10 (%48)

   Housewife

6 (%29)

8 (%38)

   Retired

4 (%19)

3 (%14)

Disease time (months)

7 (6–15)

12 (7–12)

0.267^c

Hand dominance (R); n (%)

20 (%95)

18 (%86)

0.606^d

Affected elbow (R); n (%)

13 (%62)

13 (%62)

1.0^b

Baseline grip strength (kg)

   Painful arm

26.7 (19.0-34.5)

23.0 (19.7–26.5)

0.247^c

   Healthy arm

35.0 (29.2–47.5)

33.0 (31.2–39.0)

0.678^c

VAS-pain (rest)

6 (3–8)

5 (3.5-8)

0.741^c

VAS-pain (force)

9 (7–10)

9 (7–10)

0.785^c