Fig. 2

PTL promotes osteogenesis and activates ERK signaling in DEX-treated MC3T3-E1 cells. RT-qPCR analysis of (A) Runx2, (B) Osx, and (C) OPN mRNA expression, and (D-E) western blotting of the levels of Runx2, Osx, and OPN proteins and (F-G) ERK phosphorylation in MC3T3-E1 cells treated with DEX and PTL for 7 days. N = 3. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01 vs. OM group; #p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01 vs. DEX group. PTL, parthenolide; DEX, dexamethasone; OM, osteogenic medium; Runx2, runt-related transcription factor 2; Osx, osterix; OPN, osteopontin; ERK, extracellular signal-regulated kinase