Table 1 Patients with AIS who have undergone Brace treatment in combination with SEAS gymnastics

Pre-Brace Cobb Angle

30° (range: 23–37°)/ 22° (16–25°)

32° (range: 22–37°)

29° (range: 24–40°)

26° (range: 22–38°)

First Brace Cobb Angle

17° (range: 12–32°)/ 11° (8–23°)

18° (range: 10–32°)

16° (range: 12–30°)

20° (range: 14–34°)

Last Follow-up Cobb Angle

26° (range: 18–34°)/ 19° (13–24°)

26° (range: 18–34°)

23° (range: 16–34°)

21° (range: 19–32°)

Mean Improvement in the Cobb Angle

3.9°/3.2°

4.2°

5.4°

3.8°

Triradiate Cartilage

Open: 33

Closed: 42

Open: 5

Closed: 9

Open: 8

Closed: 11

Open: 4

Closed: 7

Risser grade at start of bracing

0.7 (range: 0–2)

0.8 (range: 0–2)

0.9 (range: 0–2)

0.5 (range: 0–2)

Risser grade at end of bracing

4.4 (range: 3–5)

4.5 (range: 3–5)

4.6 (range: 3–5)

4.3 (range: 3–5)

Age at start of bracing; years

11.4 (range: 10.2–14.2)

11.6 (range: 10.2–15.6)

12.1 (range: 10.4–15.3)

11.7 (range: 10.4–15.4)

Age at end of bracing; years

17.4 (range: 15.2–18.4)

16.6 (range: 14.8–18.1)

17.1 (range: 13.8–17.6)

16.4 (range: 14.3–18.2)

Duration of brace treatment; years

3.6 (range: 2.6–4.5)

3.0 (range: 2.5–4.8)

3.3 (range: 2.6–5.2)

3.5 (range: 2.4–4.4)

Follow-up period; years

2.8 (range: 2–3.3)

2.5 (range: 2–3.0)

2.5 (range: 2–3.0)

2.7 (range: 2–3.2)