Medial meniscus injury changed plantar pressure distributions and decreased posture stability especially in those with varus alignment: a cross-sectional study based on a wearable smart plantar pressure system

Table 4 Comparison of static normalized peak force (%) between healthy controls and patients

Plantar regions	Control group (n = 29)	MM with neutral alignment (n = 29)	MM with varus alignment (n = 25)	P value
HP region	17.89 ± 4.58	17.78 ± 3.42	14.43 ± 5.11^bc	0.009
HA region	9.94 ± 2.77	10.17 ± 2.75	8.66 ± 2.18	0.097
ML region	11.16 ± 2.48	9.83 ± 2.99	9.74 ± 3.00	0.139
MM region	0.15 ± 0.14	0.25 ± 0.40	0.22 ± 0.42	0.616
M1 region	13.16 ± 3.82	15.27 ± 5.07	14.34 ± 4.33	0.307
M3 region	13.55 ± 4.50	16.74 ± 4.38^a	16.94 ± 4.66^b	0.037
M5 region	13.96 ± 3.14	16.63 ± 4.10^a	16.38 ± 3.61^b	0.040
T1 region	9.29 ± 3.36	9.03 ± 4.54	8.96 ± 3.87	0.961

T1 region: the first phalanx; M1 region: first metatarsal; M3 region: third metatarsal; M5 region: fifth metatarsal; MM region: medial midfoot; ML region: lateral midfoot; HA region: anterior heel; HP region: posterior heel
a: significant differences between the control group and neutral alignment group; b: significant differences between the control group and varus alignment group; c: significant differences between the neutral alignment group and varus alignment group

ISSN: 1749-799X