Table 2 Muscle mass and atrophy
Muscle | Study | Specific Muscle | Measurement tool/unit | Intervention | Control | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-op | Post-op | Pre-op | Post-op | ||||||||
Involved leg | Uninvolved leg | Involved leg | Uninvolved leg | Involved leg | Uninvolved leg | Involved leg | Uninvolved leg | ||||
Quadriceps femoris | Dreyer 2013 [21] | Rectus femoris | MRI/cm3 | 120 ± 11 | 140 ± 12 | 110 ± 11 | 136 ± 12 | 133 ± 13 | 150 ± 16 | 108 ± 9 | 135 ± 14 |
Dreyer 2018 [35] | NA | MRI/AU | 48.66 ± 3.45 | 55.49 ± 3.87 | 43.87 ± 2.93 | 54.41 ± 3.65 | 44.81 ± 3.09 | 49.98 ± 3.05 | 38.31 ± 2.39 | 46.44 ± 2.94 | |
Ueyama 2023 [37] | Rectus femori | Ultrasound/mm2 | 258.0 ± 88.7 | NA | 326.0 ± 91.53 | NA | 305.2 ± 97.2 | NA | 345.7 ± 97.1 | NA | |
Nishizaki 2015 [30] | Rectus femoris | CT scan/cm2 | 528±164 | 502±87 | 572±171 | 548±130 | 542±164 | 577±140 | 506±164 | 533±168 | |
Ninomiya 2023 [31] | Rectus femoris + vastus intermedius | Ultrasound/mm | 27.05 ± 6.92 | 32.64 ± 7.26 | 31.62 ± 6.84 | 36.48 ± 6.43 | 28.51 ± 7.24 | 32.84 ± 6.52 | 29.79 ± 6.90 | 33.21 ± 5.49 | |
Li 2024 [39] | NA | Tape measure/cm | 44.6 ± 0.93 | NA | 45.3 ± 0.83 | NA | 44.1 ± 1.12 | NA | 44.2 ± 1.08 | NA | |
Hamstrings | Dreyer 2013 [21] | NA | MRI/cm3 | 142 ± 13 | 147 ± 13 | 129 ± 11 | 142 ± 12 | 154 ± 17 | 150 ± 15 | 126 ± 16 | 137 ± 14 |
Dreyer 2018 [35] | NA | NA | 69.32 ± 4.05 | 69.37 ± 4.19 | 63.76 ± 3.41 | 67.50 ± 3.75 | 63.86 ± 3.33 | 63.64 ± 3.33 | 55.93 ± 2.91 | 58.75 ± 3.05 | |
intermuscular adipose tissue (IMAT) | Dreyer 2013 [21] | NA | NA | 66 ± 7 | 62 ± 8 | 69 ± 8 | 61 ± 7 | 46 ± 7 | 40 ± 5 | 44 ± 6 | 39 ± 5 |
Ninomiya 2023 [31] | NA | NA | 65.10 ± 14.35 | 59.15 ± 10.96 | 59.67 ± 10.26 | 54.56 ± 9.09 | 54.48 ± 10.97 | 61.92 ± 7.12 | 62.27 ± 14.50 | 56.11 ± 9.43 | |
AMA | Ikeda 2019 [28] | NA | NA/cm2 | 48.4±11.6 | 47.0±11.6 | 61.3±19.9 | 58.5±12.8 | ||||