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Table 2 Changes in the IVFH following CeLFI insertion based on CT imaging evaluation

From: Targeted anterior expansion of the cervical facet joints achieves indirect foraminal decompression and reduces spondylolisthesis via a posterior approach: a cadaveric study

Cadaver number (Index level)

CSPL (When present)

Left IVFH (mm)

Change (mm)

Right IVFH (mm)

Change (mm)

Before

After

 

Before

After

 

2 (C3–4)

Yes

10.6

11.8

 + 1.2

10.2

13.2

 + 3

3 (C3–4)

Yes

9.1

10.1

 + 1

7.4

10.5

 + 3.1

4 (C4–5)

Yes

9.3

10.3

 + 1

8.9

11.4

 + 2.5

7 (C3–4)

No CSPL

7.77

10

 + 2.23

9.12

9.94

 + 0.82

8 (C3–4)

Yes

11.4

13.8

 + 2.4

11.6

12.8

 + 1.2

9 (C3–4)

Yes

8.3

9.66

 + 1.36

7.97

9.67

 + 1.7

10 (C3–4)

Yes

9.7

11.1

 + 1.4

7.5

10.1

 + 2.6

11 (C3–4)

No CSPL

8.41

10.7

 + 2.29

8.64

10.8

 + 2.16

12 (C3–4)

No CSPL

10.8

11.5

 + 0.7

7.75

8.56

 + 0.81

Average measures for all nine cadavers (SD)

 

9.5 (± 1.24)

11 (± 1.27)

 + 1.5 (± 0.64)

8.8 (± 1.39)

10.8 (± 1.49)

 + 2 (± 0.89)

  1. CeLFI Cervical expandable facet implant, CSPL Cervical spondylolisthesis, CT Computed tomography, IVFH Intervertebral foraminal heights, SD Standard deviation